Front of National Unity
- Politics of Poland
- Political parties
- Elections
Front of National Unity or National Unity Front (Polish: Front Jedności Narodu, FJN) was a popular front supervising elections in the Polish People's Republic which also acted as a coalition for the dominant communist Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR) and its allies.[1] It was founded in 1952 as National Front (Front Narodowy) and renamed to Front of National Unity in 1956.[1] It was the heir of the Democratic Bloc (Blok Demokratyczny) which ran in the elections of 1947 before the merger between communists and socialists.
The Front was created by and was subordinate to the PZPR.[2] Its membership included all three legal Polish political parties (the PZPR, Democratic Party, and United People's Party) and many organizations (such as trade unions).[2] During elections it had a near monopoly (varied depending on particular time) on registering candidates who had the right to participate in the elections.[1][2] As was the case with other popular fronts in the Soviet bloc, the member parties of the Front were largely subservient to the PZPR; they had to accept the PZPR's "leading role" as a condition of their existence.
In 1983 it was disbanded,[1] to be replaced by the Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth (Patriotyczny Ruch Odrodzenia Narodowego, PRON).
Leaders
- Bolesław Bierut (1947–1956)
- Aleksander Zawadzki (1956–1964)
- Edward Ochab (1965–1968)
- Janusz Groszkowski (1971–1976)
- Henryk Jabłoński (1976–1983)[1]
Electoral history
Sejm elections
Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1947 | 9,003,682 | 80.1% | 394 / 444 | 394 | 1st | Super-majority |
1952 | 15,459,849 | 99.8% | 425 / 425 | 31 | 1st | Sole legal coalition |
1957 | 16,563,314 | 98.4% | 459 / 459 | 34 | 1st | Sole legal coalition |
1961 | 17,342,570 | 98.3% | 460 / 460 | 1 | 1st | Sole legal coalition |
1965 | 18,742,152 | 98.8% | 460 / 460 | 1st | Sole legal coalition | |
1969 | 20,473,114 | 99.2% | 460 / 460 | 1st | Sole legal coalition | |
1972 | 21,746,242 | 99.5% | 460 / 460 | 1st | Sole legal coalition | |
1976 | 23,502,983 | 99.4% | 460 / 460 | 1st | Sole legal coalition | |
1980 | 24,683,056 | 99.5% | 460 / 460 | 1st | Sole legal coalition |
References
- ^ a b c d e (in Polish) Front Jedności Narodu Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine in WIEM Encyklopedia
- ^ a b c (in Polish) Front Jedności Narodu Archived 2011-06-07 at the Wayback Machine in Encyklopedia PWN
- v
- t
- e
the Sejm
- United Right (191)
- Law and Justice (165)
- Sovereign Poland (18)
- Renew RP (5)
- Polish Affairs (1)
- Independent (2)*
- Civic Coalition (157)
- Civic Platform (127)
- Modern (6)
- Polish Initiative (4)
- The Greens (3)
- AGROunion (1)
- Yes! For Poland (1)
- Independents (15)**
- The Left (26)
- New Left (19)
- Left Together (7)
- Poland 2050 (33)
- Polish Coalition (32)
- Polish People's Party (28)
- Centre for Poland (3)
- Independent (1)***
- Confederation (18)
- National Movement (6)
- New Hope (8)
- Confederation of the Polish Crown (3)
- Kukiz'15 (3)
the Senate
- United Right (34)
- Law and Justice (29)
- Sovereign Poland (1)
- Independents (4)
- Civic Coalition (41)
- Civic Platform (36)
- Yes! For Poland (1)
- Independents (4)
- Third Way (Poland) (12)
- Poland 2050 (5)
- Polish People's Party (4)
- Centre for Poland (1)
- Union of European Democrats (1)
- Independent (1)
- The Left (9)
- New Left (5)
- Left Together (2)
- Polish Socialist Party (1)
- Labour Union (1)
- Independents (4)
European Parliament
- Civic Coalition (21)
- Civic Platform (17)
- Polish Initiative (1)
- Independents (3)
- United Right (20)
- Law and Justice (18)
- United Poland (2)
- Confederation (6)
- Confederation (3)
- New Hope (2)
- Confederation of the Polish Crown (1)
- Third Way (3)
- Polish People's Party (2)
- Poland 2050 (1)
- The Left (3)
- New Left (3)
and
political movements
- Polish Coalition
- Alliance of Democrats
- Silesians Together
- Agreement (political party)
- Confederation
- All-Polish Youth*
- National League
- Party of Drivers
- Union of Christian Families
- United Beyond Boundaries
- Better Poland
- Civic Initiative
- Christian Democracy of the Third Polish Republic
- Common Powiat
- Edward Gierek's Economic Revival Movement
- Farmers from the Baltic to the Tatras
- Falanga
- First Self-Governance League
- Freedom and Equality
- Kashubian Association
- Labour Party
- League of Polish Families
- National Party of Retirees and Pensioners
- National Radical Camp (1993)*
- National Revival of Poland
- New Democracy - Yes
- Bezpartyjni Samorządowcy
- Organisation of the Polish Nation - Polish League
- Peasants' Party
- Piast Faction
- Polish Left
- Polish Pirate Party
- Polish Party of Animal Protection
- Polish Communist Party
- Real Politics Union
- Right Wing of the Republic
- Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland
- Self-Defence Rebirth
- Silesian Autonomy Movement*
- Silesian Regional Party*
- Silesian Separatist Movement*
- Socialist Alternative
- Solidarity*
- Slavic Union
- There is One Poland
- Workers' Democracy
- Freedomers
- German Minority****
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth |
|
---|
Pre-war and inter-war eras |
|
---|
Communist era |
|
---|
*: Zbigniew Ajchler
**: Piotr Adamowicz et al.,
***: Marek Biernacki
****: not currently registered as a party
- Portal:Politics
- List of political parties
- Politics of Poland